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Long ago the people of Greece were not united, as they are today.¡Ö¸ÅÂå¡¢¥®¥ê¥·¥ã¿Í¤Ïº£Æü¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë°ìÂΤǤϤʤ«¤Ã¤¿(¹ñ²È¤òºî¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿)¡×
Instead there were several cities and states, each with its ( A ) leader.¡Ö¤½¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¡¢¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤ÎÅԻԤȽ£¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¡¢¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Ë¤Ò¤È¤ê¤Î»ØƳ¼Ô¤¬¤¤¤¿¡×
King Philip of Macedon, a state in the northern part of Greece, wanted to bring all of Greece together under his rule.¡Ö¥®¥ê¥·¥ã¤ÎËÌÉô½£¤À¤Ã¤¿¥Þ¥±¥É¥Ë¥¢¤Î¥Õ¥£¥ê¥Ã¥×¥¹²¦¤Ï¥®¥ê¥·¥ãÁ´ÂΤò¤Þ¤È¤á¤Æ¼«Ê¬¤ÎÅý¼£²¼¤ËÃÖ¤³¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¡×
So he raised a great army and made war upon the other states, ( B ) nearly all were forced to call him their king.¡Ö¤½¤³¤ÇÈà¤ÏÂç·³Ââ¤òΨ¤¤¤Æ¾¤Î½£¤ÈÀïÁ褷¤Æ¾¡¤Á¡¢¤½¤·¤Æ¤È¤¦¤È¤¦¤Û¤È¤ó¤ÉÁ´Éô¤Î½£¤ËÈà¤Î¤³¤È¤ò²¦¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤»¤¿(¤Û¤È¤ó¤ÉÁ´½£¤Î²¦¤Ë·¯Îפ·¤¿)¡×
Sparte,¡¡however, resisted.¡Ö¤·¤«¤·¡¢¥¹¥Ñ¥ë¥¿¤À¤±¤ÏÄñ¹³¤·¤¿¡×
The Spartans lived in the southern part of Greece,¡¡an area called Laconia, and so they were sometimes called Lacons.¡Ö¥¹¥Ñ¥ë¥¿¿Í¤Ï¥é¥³Æ󥢤ȸƤФì¤ë¥®¥ê¥·¥ã¤ÎÆîÉôÃÏ°è¤Ë½»¤ó¤Ç¤¤¤Æ¡¢»þ¡¹¥é¥³Æ󥢿ͤȸƤФì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡×
They were noted for their simple habits and their bravery.¡ÖÈà¤é¤Ï¡¢Èà¤é¼«¿È¤Îñ½ã¤Ê½¬´·¤È¤½¤Îͦ´º¤µ¤ÇÍ̾¤À¤Ã¤¿¡×
They were also known as a people who used few words and chose them carefully;¡¡even today a short answer is often described as being (1){"laconic."}¡ÖÈà¤é¤Ï¤Þ¤¿¡¢¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¸ÀÍÕ¤ò»È¤ï¤º¡¢¤½¤·¤ÆÃí°Õ¿¼¤¯Ã±¸ì¤òÁª¤Ö¿Íã¤È¤·¤ÆÃΤé¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡¨Î㤨¤Ðº£Æü¤Ç¤âû¤¤ÊÖ»ö¤Ï¤è¤¯¡É¥é¥³Æó¥Ã¥¯(´Ê·é¤Êɽ¸½)¡É¤È¤·¤Æ¸À¤¤¸½¤µ¤ì¤ë¡×
(2){Philip knew he had to subdue the Spartans if all of Greece was to be his.}¡Ö¥Õ¥£¥ê¥Ã¥×²¦¤Ï¡¢¥®¥ê¥·¥ãÁ´Éô¤ò¼«Ê¬¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ë¤¹¤ë°Ù¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥¹¥Ñ¥ë¥¿¿Í¤òÉþ½¾¤µ¤»¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤»ö¤òÃΤäƤ¤¤¿¡×
So he brought his great army to the borders of Laconia, and sent a message to the Spartans.¡Ö¤½¤³¤Ç¡¢Èà¤ÏÂç·³Ââ¤ò¥é¥³Æó¥¢¹ñ¶¤ËÁ÷¤ê¡¢¤½¤·¤Æ¥¹¥Ñ¥ë¥¿¿Í¤ËÅÁÎá¤òÁ÷¤ê¤³¤ó¤À¡×
"If you do not submit at once," he ( C ) them, "I will invade your country.¡Ö¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÈà¤é¤ò¶¼¤«¤·¤¿¡É¤â¤·º£¤¹¤°Éþ½¾¤·¤Ê¤¤¤Ê¤é¡¢¤ªÁ°¤Î¹ñ¤Ë¿¯¹¶¤¹¤ë¤¾¡É¡×
And if I invade, I will pillage and burn everything you hold dear.¡Ö¡É¤½¤·¤Æ¤â¤·¿¯Î¬¤·¤¿¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢¤ªÁ°¤Î¿Æ°¦¤¹¤ëÁ´¤Æ¤Îʪ¤òά夷¾Æ¤¿Ô¤¯¤¹¤¾¡É¡×
If I march into Laconia, I will level your great city to the ground."¡Ö¡É¤â¤·»ä¤¬¥é¥³Æ󥢤˿ʷ³¤·¤¿¤é¡¢¤ªÁ°¤é¤ÎÂçÅÔ»Ô¤òÇ˲õ¤·¿Ô¤¯¤¹¤¾¡É¡×
In a few days, Philip received an answer.¡Ö¿ôÆü·Ð¤Ã¤Æ¥Õ¥£¥ê¥Ã¥×²¦¤ÏÊÖ»ö¤ò¼õ¤±¼è¤Ã¤¿¡×
When he opened the letter, he found only one word written there.¡Ö¤½¤Î¼ê»æ¤ò³«¤±¤¿¤È¤¡¢¥Õ¥£¥ê¥Ã¥×²¦¤Ï¤½¤³¤Ëñ¸ì¤¬¤Ò¤È¤Ä¤À¤±½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤¬Ê¬¤«¤Ã¤¿¡×
That word was "IF."¡Ö¤½¤Îñ¸ì¤Ï¡ÉIF(¤â¤·¤â)¡É¤À¤Ã¤¿¡×
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